Roof pitch

Most NC residential roofs fall between 4-in-12 and 9-in-12. Below 4-in-12 is low-slope — it drains slowly and requires modified underlayment or a membrane system rather than standard asphalt shingles. Above 9-in-12 is steep-slope: walking becomes a fall hazard, productivity drops, and most NC roofers charge a steep-slope labor premium per roofing square. Above 12-in-12, full fall-protection rigging is required by OSHA regardless of square footage.

On insurance estimates, roof pitch is a labor multiplier built into Xactimate. The carrier's software accounts for it — but only if the pitch was measured correctly. An adjuster who estimated rather than measured can undercount labor costs by several hundred dollars per square on a steep job. That is a supplement item: re-measure every slope, show your work, and adjust the line item to match the actual numbers.